Local2030, a useful platform for local actors, describes the process like this:
Localising development means taking into account subnational contexts in the achievement of the 2030 Agenda, from the setting of goals and targets, to determining the means of implementation and using indicators to measure and monitor progress. It is also putting the territories and their peoples’ priorities, needs and resources at the centre of sustainable development. There should be sustained exchanges between the global, national and local facets.
In the past, localisation was mainly meant as the implementation of goals at the local level, by sub-national actors, in particular by local and regional governments. But this concept has evolved. All of the SDGs have targets directly related to the responsibilities of local and regional governments. That’s why the achievement of the SDGs depends, more than ever, on the ability of local and regional governments to promote integrated, inclusive and sustainable territorial development.
Subnational governments are policy makers, catalysts of change and the level of government best placed to link the global goals with local communities. Localizing development is then a process to empower all local stakeholders, aimed at making sustainable development more responsive, and therefore, relevant to local needs and aspirations. Development goals can be reached only if local actors fully participate, not only in the implementation, but also in the agenda-setting and monitoring.
Participation requires that public policies are not imposed from the top, but that the whole policy chain is shared. All relevant actors must be involved in the decision-making process, through consultative and participative mechanisms, at the local and national levels.
If you want to explore more, their website contains resources, toolboxes and more information: